Afghanistan
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Afghanistan（阿富汗斯坦）
smmalu patasGaga kska Yacow ka Afghanistan, 33 00 N, 65 00 E ka gaga na nniqan.
Kana ka knlbangan na o 652,230 sq km（hangan na o Tg41）
(knlbanga dxgal o 652,230 sq km, knlbangan qsiya o 0 sq km).
Kana ka sejiqun o niqan 33,332,025 hiyi.
Gaga Kabul ka pusu alang paru, jiyax 19 idas 8 ka jiyax skrayan klwaan.
Manu ka dxgal Afghanistan ga wada sugan 58.10% ka dxgal qpahan, 2.10% ka dxgal bbuyu, rahuq dxgal do niqan 39.80% na.
Bukung klwaan ta sayang o kiya ka Ashraf Ghani Ahmadzai, pnaah hngkawas2014 idas 9 jiyax 29pnrajing kmlawa klwaan.
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cinkhulan sa knita sa brbiru.
Risu( 歷史)
smmalu patasWa mniq Yaco thunac ruwan dxral knlangan ka Afuhan yis rang kang
Hokwo, kori Posu-kari Pusetu kana sundha Afuhan, tlungan na wa bay pusu alang cka tama baraq Yaco. Pusu bay dungus kari Pusetu u kiya ka alang sediq Afuhan enca.
Sediq Pusetu sundha sediq Afuhan uri, mniq alang hini u hbaraw bay sdiqun kiya, adaw ka mniq klwaan dxral ruwan, tuumal knbsyaqan ndaan mspais mccbu, annaq nou bay cmiyuk kndadax nganguc mbiyax bay knrmux klwaan icil ka Afuhan nii,kiya daw miyah ryuxan na wada pprihan knrmaan turu naqah ddaan elu.
Cnduray nii pa, wada hari pkuuka ka bbriyun hbangan Afuhan, pusu balay stama dnayaw klwaan icil, kiya u kndadax dnayaw qmpringan Omin wa nniq 40% pnspuwan pnyahan na hmaan Afuhan nii.
Kingal uri u pusu bay uruc bbriyun hbangan na u qmpahan pnwalang kiya daw qpahan dxral na ktuku dxral phmaan2/3, mhuma pnwalang cudu u kari balay, 3616knbkiyan ka sdiqun na, adaw ka mrrudu mccbu kiya ka mtlutuc naqah bay bbriyun hbangan dha, kiya ka llbu bay mrana qmpahan knlangan mniq babaw dxral hini.
Tiri(地理）
smmalu patas
Wa mniq cka Yaco ka tlungan nniqan lnglingay Afuhan nii, daya na wa psnakan Tukumanstan, Ucbeykstan, mi Tacikstan uyasan turu klwaan, hnraan hidaw u wa mtlutuc Congkwo, hnraan hunac hidaw pa, wa uyasan Pacistan, uqiyan hidaw u wa uyusan klwaan lrang .klwaan ruwan dxral ka Afuhan nii, pniyah hnraan daya hidaw dhuq uqiyan hunac hidaw u wada ddaun dwiyaq Sintukuse pswayan klwaan, kiya ka maasmalu kingal Wahancerang.
Ma cka Yaco klwaan ruwan ddxral mi ou ddwiyaq ka Afuhan, kiya ka dxral brnux u pswayan mniq klwaan na alang daya hidaw mi uqiyan hunac hidaw. klwaan hini pa dwiyaq Nosako tubaraw bay, tnhyaqan na sbrnux ucilung 7485mm(24,557 ft) knbaraw na. Kana alang hini pa, ou bay ka mdngu dxral, mtasaw bay yayung qsiya u ini hari kbaka, mniq babaw dxral hini mdngu bay dxral kngkingal ka Sistanneyliyo,asu dxral.Mskuy mi mdngu bay dxral na ka lnghangan, mtilux ka karac rbawan, mskuy ka karac misan.
Kiya ka klwaan nii pa, niqan bay cikuh mrunu, pusu bay pniyah ddwiyaq hnraan daya hidaw na dwiyaq Situkuse.
Niqan 647.500 km² (249.984 mi²) beyhing bay dxral, bkuwan hangan mniq knlangan u spatul kingal beyhing klwaan ka Afuhan (bnkuwan naq mniq bukuy Meyteyng), (pstnay na, nniqan dxral Afuhan nii pa wada cikuh hari alang Ameylika Tokosasco).
Niqan bay King, Ging, Tung, Xin mi xiluy…. dnii ida nkiya ka Afuhan hnraan hunac hidaw nii, sow ka hraan daya hidaw na Cingjings, Cumuli mi Cngrangkwon. Yabay niqan pusu bay Abura mi Gas ka daya na.Uxay uri u niqan bay krotan, xiluy, btunux, qrari, riyo, ceyn, mi timu …. dnii ida nkiya.
Kiya daw, adaw ka klwaan yahan knrmux sediq Sureyn mi bukuy daw mccbu na ruwan nanaq, kiya ka pusu balay Kwan can mi pusu pnyahan dxral nii u ou bay htiyan tndxral mi ini dha ddiyun, kiya ka pnyahan dxral nii pspuwan kana wada hmrinas l puniq hbangan Ameylika, dhuq saya pa ou bay dngusun wa dha psaun ddaun, bukuy na balay daw, saun dha prading mangal ka pyahan dxral mi pyahan dbtunux nii da. bnkuwan truma nii ka sdiqun alang paru Afuhan bnkuwan hangan sdqun smpuwan (kngkawas 2004)
● Kbur
● Kantaha
● Horato
● Macaylisalifu
● Cararapato
● Kuntos
● Cacni
● Pamiyang
● Pakorang
● Parha
Singcng-cyuhwa（行政區劃）
smmalu patas
Psaanak na 34 uysan ka Afuhan, ruwan Sng uyusan na Seyn, Ci, Siyang, Cun, pusu na alang wa mniq Kpur. Hangan na kingal Sng:
Kpur Patahosan, Tahar, Kuntus, Parho, Cuccan, Faliapu, Patocis, Horato, Kur, Sarpuro,Samankan, Pakorang, Pamiyang, Parwan, Wartako, Kabisa, Rakomon, Nurstan, Kunar, Nankohar, Rociar, Ciacni, Uruckan, Fara, Nimuruc, Hormanto, Kantaha, Cabur, Pakotiya, Pakotika, Hosto, Pacieytika, Hosto, Pancieysir, Ciaykungti.
Ttsaun(教育)
smmalu patasBukuy mccbu dow, cikuh bay sediq mpsruway ka Afuhan, ini kla pnatas u dhuq bay 65%, wana bay 4% ka qridil mnuyas patas. Mqlahang brah Afuhan nii u wada na psaun pwla bay tlungan ka ttsaun.Mniq alang knlangan embiyax bay cmikul, kiya ka ddaun ttusa tuura bay ini biyax mrana.
Pniyah Kngkawas 2002 dhuq Kngkawas 2004 ciida, yabay niqan 420 kbkiyan laqi mpuuyas pprinah miyah sapah pyasan, dhqun na musa sapah pyasan knhbaraw laqi qridil musa mangal biyax ttusa nii pa,kiya ka kndudul miyah da.
Kngkawas 2003, laqi qridil mniq sapah pyasan pstnay na 30%, ttusa sapah pyasan paru pdaun na, so ka sapah pyasan paru kpur… dnii mturu pspuwan sapah pyasan paru,kingal ka pyasan qmqur pnwalang, kingal ka pyasan pcpingan, kingal ka sapah pyasan mqita mnarux mi mptusa laqi ka sapah pyasan.
Saya wa qmpah pusu bay qmpahan sediq, mptusa ka mniq qpahan seyhu mi sapah pyasan, kiya ka mpqapah nii pa,kndadax klwaan icil kana, kiya u ou bay kndadax alang Eo-Mey na sediq klwaan icil.
Cingci(經濟)
smmalu patasAnanaq dhuq saya Kngkawas 21 ka Afuhan,ida pusu qmpah qpahan pnwalang na, dsediq u dmuuy kluwan ccamac pyahan na pqpah,cikuh bay dmuuy kikayi mi ruru tdruy.
Bukuy na mncbu daw, klwaam hunac hini knou bay kbkuy hputing hbangan miyah dmayaw klwaan icil, mpmiyah ka qmpah ta pnwalang mi phyuwan pnarah ka ddaun bbriyun nii, mpmiyah dungan ka hbangan bbriyun da, kiya u hbaraw bay sediq ida mqrinuc na. Qmpringan Taliban ida dmuuy dxral uqiyan hunac hidaw, uka ana ima sediq musa alang hini mi uka ka ddaun mbbari hbangan uri,kiya ka saya pa, niqan bay bbriyun hbangan u wana bay niqan mklawa heyta mppiya qpahan bbriyun hbangan nii, ida ka tcipiq qqpahun bbriyun ka alang dhiya, smtama bay dyawan klwaan icil.
Adaw ka wa mniq ruwan bay alang tndxral,ini sdalih ucilung,pwla wa naqah bay bbriyun na, pusu pnyahan qnbsyaqan Kngkawas mqrinuc.
Kluwan sediq（族群）
smmalu patasOu bay alang kiuwan sediq ka Afuhan.Sdiqun na wa suun sediq qmpringan hbaraw bay kluwan tcikuh sediq duwan.Adaw ka Kngkawas yabay maxal msngari hari ini pswasut kmuruy da, pluban na knparu qmpringan pnlltuc bukuy sediq mi ranuq na sediq u ini klai ka mnlngu spuwan da.
| Kluwan sediq | Klwaan pnatas/pwla snpuwan qunwey kwobeyyueyjyotusuquwan
(2004-saya) |
Klwaan pnatas/ pwla snpuwan qunwey kwobeyyueyjyotusuquwan
(2004 brah Kngkawas) |
| Sediq Pusotu | 42% | 38-50% |
| Sediq Tacigo | 27% | 25-26.3%(ruwan niqan 1% Sediq Cicupaso[Qizibash]) |
| Sediq Hacara | 9% | 10-19% |
| Sediq Ucubeygo | 9% | 6-8% |
| Sediq Aeymago | 4% | 500,000-800,000 |
| Sediq Tukuman | 3% | 2.5% |
| Sediq Pirucu | 2% | 100,000 |
| Sediq rahuq na hiya
(Sediq Pasayi, Sediq Nuristan, Sediq Arabo, Sediq Pamira, Sediq Kuciara,dnii) |
4% | 6.9% |