Spain
Spain（西班牙）
smmalu patas.svg)
Gaga kska Owcow ka Spain, 40 00 N, 4 00 W ka gaga na nniqan. Kana ka knlbangan na o 505,370 sq km（hangan na o Tg52） knlbanga dxgal o 498,980 sq km. Kana ka sejiqun o niqan 48,563,476 hiyi. Gaga Madrid ka pusu alang paru, jiyax 12 idas 10 ka jiyax skrayan klwaan. Manu ka dxgal Spain ga wada sugan 54.10% ka dxgal qpahan, 36.80% ka dxgal bbuyu, rahuq dxgal do niqan 9.10% na
Bukung klwaan ta sayang o kiya ka Felipe VI, pnaah hngkawas2014 idas 6 jiyax 19pnrajing kmlawa klwaan.
cinkhulan sa knita’ sa brbiru’
Ri-s(歷史)
smmalu patasRi-s Si-pan-ya ga, kndadax brah ri-s Yi-pi-ri siida na, siida mnuda ti-kwo knglangan──knrana ni lnlihan ti-kwo Si-pn-ya, saying do murux ni niqan nanaq biyax dha cyun-cu phiyug seyn-fa-c klwaan, maa cng-yueyn-kwo.
Hngkawas kung-yueyn 711 siida, cyun-twey na o niqan Po-po-ar ni seejiq A-ra-po ga musa mrmux (seejiq Si-pan-ya ga thnganan na seejiq Mo-ar ka dhiya), dungan o wada dha ngalan kana ka Yi-pi-ri-pan-taw. Mlutuc na 750 hngkawas do, sneegul bukuy mhiyug ka murux klwaan Mu-s-rin ga, qnlahang Mu-s-rin cyu-yu ga thnganan dha A-ar- an-ta-ru-s. Siida, gaga daya na kklwaan Ci-tucyaw ga mniq lnkuhan biyax Teyn-cu cyaw ni ini alax ngalun mu bi ka pan-taw ana bitaq knuwan msa dha A-ar- an-ta-ru-s. Siida, gaga daya na kklwaan Ci-tucyaw ga mniq lnkuhan biyax Teyn-cu cyaw ni ini alax ngalun mu bi ka pan-taw ana bitaq knuwan msa kalnglungan dha, thnganan dha tbrih mangal nnaku nanaq dxgal yun-tung msa. Sneegul bukuy wada ungac hngkawas 1492 ka Ke-ra-na-ta do, yun-tung nii ga wada ungac uri da.
Bukuy tnbrih mangal nnaku nanaq dxgal yun-tung do, Yi-pi-ri-pan-taw ga maa nklwaan ci-tu-cyaw da, pusa na o Qa-s-ti-ar wang-kwo, Ya-ra-kang-wang-kwo, Na-wa-ar wang-kwo, Pu-taw-ya wang-kwo. Rahuq na do niqan ka Qa-s-ti-ar wang-kwo ga ida kmlawa Rey-ang wang-kwo, Cya-ri-si-ya wang-kwo, Two-rey-two wang-kwo, Mo-si-ya wang-kwo, Ke-two hwa wang-kwo, Ha-en wang-kwo, Say-wey-ya wang-kwo, Ke-ra-na-ta wang-kwo,A-stu-ri-ya-s-cin wang-kwo, A-ra-wa-how kwo,Pi-s-qay cwan-yueyn, Mo-ri-na cwang-yueyn( dnii ga msupu dha ka Qa-s-ti-ar maa Qa-s-ti-ar reyn-he-kwo; Ya-ra-kang-wang-kwo o kmlawa Pa-se-rung-na-po kwo, Wa-run-si-ya wang-kwo, Ma-ryuey-qa wang-kwo( dnii ga msupu dha ka Ya-ra-kang-wang-kwo, maa Ya-ra-kang reyn-he-kwo kida).
Prajing S-ci 20 siida, ida krinah bi ka bnrbuan Si-pan-ya, hngkawas 931, lxanan ka cyun-cu-c ksun. Se-hwey cu-yi ce phiyug Si-pan-ya kung-he-kwo, bukuy na hngkawas 1936 do mpruq ni mspais sdara ka ruwan klwaan. Bukuy mspais ka ruwan klwaan do manu ka pndudug Fu-rang-si-sqe．Fu-rang ke na min-cu cu-yi tu-cay ga, hiya ka mtutuy dmudug da, lxanan ka Si-pan-ya kung-he-kwo da, hiya ka mduuy cng-cyueyn Si-pan-ya bitaq hngkawas 1975.
Si-pan-ya ga mniq mn2 ppais siida o cung-ri-kwo han, ida hbaraw bi mnsruwa nanaq seejiq Si-pan-ya o mnsriyu kska dha ruwan ppais. Bukuy pnspais do ida msdhug ka Si-pan-ya ga mniq mn2 ppais siida o cung-ri-kwo han, ida hbaraw bi mnsruwa nanaq seejiq Si-pan-ya o mnsriyu kska dha ruwan ppais. Bukuy pnspais do ida msdhug ka meydang ka Fo-rang-ke, mndudug Hu-an．Qa-rwo-s wang-c na Po-pang wang-s ka tbrih miyah klwaan da.
Ana nanaq saw mskluuy na ka klwaan(saw ka tnhjilan nniqan Mu-s-rin ni Pa-s-qe), kiya ka kiya ni brah saw mniq ka Hu-an．Qa-rwo-s siida, mnuda kmpruyux min-cu ni mkknxalan sayang, ida tnbiyax mkala sblayiq kdusan Ow-cow tnegkingal ka hiya. Sayang do Si-pan-ya ga ida tnegkingal cng-yueyn-kwo Ow-mung uri da, ida pusu bi muda hngkawas 1982 knglangan FIFA ni hngkawas 1992 Aw-yun-hwey rbagan. Idas 8 hngkawas 2020 siida Hu-an．Qa-rwo-s Yi-s mnneguy mangal hbangan klwaan ni qduriq klwaan da, kiya ni mtutuy ni msaang balay kana ka sjiqan maku musa kleelug meysa lxanun ka cyun-cu-c[11]msa.
Gaga mniq Yi-pi-ri pan-taw ka Si-pan-ya, ida ddgiyaq ka dxgal dha, Mey-se-ta kaw-yueyn ka pusu bi pkmaakaw-yueyn ni kneegu na ddgiyaq, Bowqax bi dgiyaq Si-pan-ya o kika Tay-te-fung, hay-pa 3,718m. Daya o niqan dgiyaq Pi-ri-nyow-s-san mseayus dha Fa-ke-wo.Hraan hidaw o niqan Ti-cung-hay. Daya o niqan Ta-si-yang na Pi-s-qay-wan. MsTi-cung-hay ka karac, tuku bi ka hidaw, qmuyux bi ka srnabaw ni kepuhan, qnuyux na qsiya o 500-1500ml kakingal hngkwasan. Karac Si-pan-ya ga niqan spac kleegan:
Si-pan-ya ga mniq babaw knglangan o ida ntrawah kung-yey-kwo ka hiya, brah na musa gmbarah hraan hidaw siida, ida tna mnusa gmbarah kska Ow-mung mqrinuc na klwaan da. Kiya ka kiya ni dha ka hraan hidaw Ow-cow na bgurah cng-yueyn Ow-mung, saw ka Syung-ya-ri, Po-ran, Rwo-ma-ni-ya dnii, rahuq na Tanah tunux, Syang-kang, Sin-cya-po, Taywan dnii ga, egu klwaan Ya-cow ni ti-cu o ida mabang msblayiq ka Si-pan-ya, ya bi mtna hari dh aka Nan-han. Hngkawas 2018 kana ka mnangal seejiq ruwan klwaan o gaga mniq 30,697 mey-yueyn, mniq babaw knglangan o ida hmrinas knrana na Ow-cow syeyn-cin kung-yey kwo.
Cng-c(政治)
smmalu patasSi-pan-ya ga phiyug syeyn-cng ti-c, ida niqan knlutuc dha cyun-cu ni dha ka yueyn. Kwo-wang o kika qbsuran klwaan ni tru cyun tung-sway, empdudug cung-cyaw. Cang-yi-yueyn ni cung-yi-yueyn dha yueyn ka mduuy biyaxri-fa-cyueyn. Mndudug Sow-syang(dungus na hangan o cu-si cng-fu) na cng-fu ka muda sing-cng cyuey. Ida mnegay kwo-wang ka hangan, kwo-wang ka smkagul.
Gaga daun Si-pan-ya saying o ida pnhiyug dha hngkawas 1978 na Syeyn-fa Si-pan-ya, ida tgkingan na min-cu Syeyn-fa Si-pan-ya。Ida bnatas yi-cang siida Rang-te-ri- now．Ra-wey-ray A-si-na dnii empruway fa-ri dnii ka kiya. Prajing muda hngkawas 1978 siida, mhdu ka nduuy 40 hngkawas na Fo-rang-ke tu-cay siida, nii ga kika Si-pan-ya mquri kmpriyux min-cu ti-c ka nii.
Syeyn-fa nii ga mnsdhug pusu klwaan Si-pan-ya o nkana ka seejiq Si-pan-ya, cng-ti o yi-hwey-c cyun-cu ri-seyn- c, cyun-cu Si-pan-ya o uxay dungus Yueyn-sow, mririh klwaan cyun-cu o ida ungac biyaxdha muda, biyax sing- cng o sow-syang ka mduuy biyax, biyax ri-fa o ida kwo-hwey can, cung yi-yueyn ka mduuy biyax. Kiya ni Seyn-fa Si-pan-ya ga djiyun balay do ida mqriqu. Saw ka bukuy bi S-ci 20 na Pa-s-qe cu-yi mswayay, bnsiyaq ri-s na Cya-tay-rung-ni-ya cu-yi mswayay mskluuy ka syeyn-cng, tg55 bkug(Seyn-fa Si-pan-ya) ida dha qtaan balay.
Kana ka klwaan Si-pan-ya ga sugan 17 c-c-cyu ni 2 c-c-s, truma na o pniqan 50 sng.
An-ta-ru-si-ya
Ya-ra-kang c-c-cyu
A-s-tu-ri-ya-s
Pa-ri-ya-ri-cyun-taw
Pa-s-qe-c--cyu
Cya-na-ri-cyun-taw
Qan-ta-pu-ri-ya
Qa-sti-ya．Ra-man-ca
Qa-s-ti-ya．Rey-ang
Cya-tay-rung-ni-ya
Ay-s-te-rey-ma-tu-ra
Cya-ri-si-ya c-c-cyu
Ma-te-ri c-c-cyu
Mo-si-ya c-c-cyu
Na-wa-ra
Ra-ri-aw-ha
Wa-run-si-ya c-c-cyu
Syo-ta c-c-cyu
Mey-ri-ri-ya c-c-cyu
Jen-ko(人口）
smmalu patasBitaq idas 7 hngkawas 2016 sayang, hiyi seejiq Si-pan- ya o 46,468,102; Patas snpngan idas 7 hngkawas 2015, niqan hangan klwaan Si-pan-ya o niqan 41,996,253 hiyi seejiq. Bsiyaq mniq Si-pan-ya seejiq klwaan isil (seejiq tnhjil ni seejiq qnrinuc) o ya bi 4,426, 811 hiyi seejiq,mniq kana ka hiyi seejiq na 9.54%.
Ttgsa(教育）
smmalu patasTtgsa Si-pan-ya ga mnegrimayu kntnaan qmita kana. Si- pan-ya ga ida snpuan 17 c-c-cyu na wang-kwo, kngkingal c-c-cyu ga murux nanaq, kiya ni ini ktna kana ka ci-hwa ni ta-kang kleegan syuey-qe ksun, tdwaun qmita o kika cng-fu Si-pan-ya ga p nsdhug patas hidaw stgsa.
Emptgsa Si-pan-ya ga niqan brax dha qmita sapah pyasan, knklaan empeuyas patas, tnteanaq tndxgal, tduwa psdhug stgsa na patas ni djiyun na tmgsa. Saw nii ini pktnai ka ta-kang stgsa, wana psdhug patas hidaw, ida mnegsdhug stgsa kleegan patas hidaw, ida pneegay ssalu dha tmgsa kleegan slhayan uri.
Hngkawas 1992 siida ida pnegkla sndhug dha, sapah pyasan ga pnegdhug mniq yi-wu ttgsa o, kngkingal ruwan pyasan ga iya balay hrnasi 25 hiyi seejiq ka empeuyas patas, kingal iyax sngayan o kana ka sslhayan meuyas patas ga 25 patas hidaw, kska na hiya o skbiyax hiyi o asi ka niqan 3 patas hidaw.
Sapah pyasan Sipan-ya ga kingal jiyax iyax sngayan o 3 patas hidaw ka slhayan skbiyax hiyi, ida qtaan ka lnglingay nniqan sapah pyasan uri, ida niqan lmnamu ka stgsa dha, saw ka grgrig, boru qqahan, boru rawa, boru sqada, yi-su ti-caw, ti-caw, teyn-cin, ttapaq qsiya, cyueyn-su, jow-taw ida gaga ruwan hiya kana.
Sp-pan-ya ga, kndadax hmrinas kbkuy kbuhug hiyi seejiqalang paru bitaq wana knkuy hiyi seejiq na ciway alang, ida qulung niqan mkknxalan na stgsa kbiyax hiyi qyqaya, sapah saan smluhay ti-caw, sapah skbiyax hiyi dnii, ana saw alang paru uxay uri o alang ciway ida niqan kana ka sapah pyasan.
Rahuq na dungus bi slhayan ti-yu do, sapah pyasan Si- pan-ya ga kska na slhayan uxay ka dungus na slhayan o, manu ka empeuyas patas ga kngkingal syuey-ci o tduwa mgaaw kingal klgan yun-tung slhayun dha. 4 hngkwasan do, empeuyas patas ga tduwa smluhan 8 klgan yun-tung da.
Lqlaqi ga paah 10 kngkwasan do, tduwa mtmay kuxul niya nanaq klgan yun-tung da, mataru iyax jiyax sngayan do tduwa musa teumal pspung knklaan na gaga nniqan sapah pyasan. Pspngan dnii ga ida wana mataru jiyax iyax sngayan ka muda papung, bsiyaq ka pspngan dha, kana ka kingal syuey-neyn o ida pniqan kana.
Niqan bakay hangan na sapah pyasan prparu ga, niqan sapah pyasan paru ri-kung M a-te, sapah pyasan paru Ma-te-ri qang-pu-tun-s, sapah pyasan paru ri-kung Cya- tay-rung-ni-ya, sapah pyasan paru c-c Pa-say-rung-na, sapah pyasan paru Pang-pey-fa-pu-ra, sang-syuey-yueyn ESADE, sang-syuey-yueyn IE, sang-syuey-yueyn IESE.
Wun-hwa（文化）
smmalu patasRahuq saw paru bi bnegay(grig fu-ra-min- ke ni ci-ta) na knglangan yin-yuey, klealang Si-pan-ya ga niqan lnmanu na unhwa psqita, saw ka Se-ar-te seuxal ni klaan ana ima na hnpuyan ni pnhiyug sapah. Snkxulan dha balay mtjiyan ddapa ni gisu dha snruun balay saying da. Si-pan-ya o sjiqan dha ga ida mlhaw balay. Jiyax 3 idas 7 hngkawas 2005 siida, Si-pan-ya o maa tg3 pusa gaya mstrung mntna sing na babaw knglangan.
Rruxa yun-tung(獨立運動）
smmalu patasIda nruwan klwaan Si-pan-ya rruya yun-tung ka Cya-tay-rung-ni-ya rruxan yun-tung ksun, pusu dha o iyux psmaa niqan nanaq brax klwaan ka Cya-tay-rung-ni-ya, kika skruxun da paah Si-pan-ya. Qtaan sayang ka duma ti-cyu na Si-pan-ya, manu ka knrana unhwa Cya-tay-rung-ni-yaga mabang niqan nanaq endhyaan. Ngalan tgkingal kari tnealang na kari Cya-tay-rung-ni-ya ga, ida ktnaan dha kari Si-pan-ya mduuy ririh saw kari klwaan kana, dha nii ga ana nanaq mtna kari Yin-ow na kari Ra-ting o ida ini bi ktna ka kari dha. Cya-tay-rung-ni-ya ga mniq kska Si- pan-ya o ida mrana hari ka cin-ci, mnurux lnglungan o ida teura hari uri, hbaraw sjiqan ga siihan dhagaga mduuy knbraxan dha cin-ci kana ka rahuq na ti-cyu. Jiyax 11 idas 9 hngkwas 2014 siida, hmrinas maxal kbuhug sjiqan o mssli ni mkksa pusu alang Cya-tay-rung-ni-ya c-c-cyu Pa-say-rung-na, meysa peuda pemurux nanaq kung-tow msa.
Jiyax 9 idas 11 hngkawas 2014 Cya-tay-rung-ni-ya muda ungac brax fa-ryu na pemurux nanaq kung-two, siida niqan 220kbuhug ka mnusa kleelug mitaq pyaw, (bnitaq pyaw ga ya bi 40% snpngan). Kska na hiya o 80.7% snpngan kasmruwa malax mniq Si-pan-ya na pkmurux nanaq, 11.1% o smruwa seupu Si-pan-ya phiyug reyn-pang ksun, 4.6 % snpngan o nkiya msupu na. Msa ka cng-fu Si-pan-ya, uxay dungus ka kun-tow nii. Msa jiyax 29 idas 9 ka Syeyn-fa fa-yueyn, Syeyn-fa fa-yueyn ga pksn-ca ya mdungus ka kung-tow nii, uda nii ga mtna saw gaga hmtur ni mnangi hmiric uda ci-hwa kung-tow ana bitaq knuwa. [12]
Jiyax 27 idas 10 hngkawas 2017 siida, mnuda pssli pprngaw ka tnealang Cya-tay-rung-ni-ya, hici do 70 pyaw ka smruwa, 10 pyaw ka ini sruwa, 2pyaw ka malix, manu ka Cya-tay-rung-ni-ya ga pgkla saw paah nami Si-pan-ya pkmurux name nanaq da msa. Cu-si Kiya ni paah siida phiyug “Cya-tay-rung-ni-ya kung-he-kwo” da.
Kiya ka kiya ni ini ka srwai knglangan ni se-hwey na. Wada srwaan ini kpiya patas hidaw na ka pnegarang kari Cya-tay-rung-ni-ya pkmurux siida, manu ka can-yi- yueyn Sipan-ya o mangal egu pyaw mipix rmawah lmglug Syeyn-fa 155 bkug mpprngaw, muriq mangal Cya-tayrung-ni-ya ti-cyu ni muriq kghaqan ka tnealang yi-hwey Cya-tay-rung-ni-ya. [13] Mnuda dha meysapkmurux nii ga ida wada lmglug Syeyn-cng wey-ci Sipan-yani lmglug cng-c bitaq saying.